Effluent is basically treated sewage from places like septic tanks or sewage treatment plants. Some call it "trade effluent" or just "wastewater." It is not waste from kitchens, toilets, or surface water. Any business or industry can make and release effluent. Usually, it goes straight into the main sewer system and cannot go into a river or lake unless it is cleaned and treated first. Understanding the value of every drop, many ETP and STP plant manufacturers in Delhi are making significant efforts to achieve a sustainable civilization with the help of their advanced sewage treatment plants.
Effluent typically has some contaminants in it, such as:
The remarkable wastewater treatment process of ETP and STP plant manufacturers in Delhi aims to get rid of as many suspended solids as they can before letting the treated water go back into the environment. The first round of treatment (primary treatment) removes around 60% of these solids). After the second round of treatment (secondary treatment), more than 90% of the suspended solids are taken out.
1. Primary Treatment
Primary treatment gets rid of things that can either float or easily settle down. It involves basic steps like screening, breaking down, getting rid of grit, and letting the solid stuff settle.
2. Secondary Treatment
Secondary treatment deals with the stuff that dissolves or stays in the water after the first round. It is about getting rid of more solids and organic matter.
The treatment approach of ETP Plant Supplier involves getting rid of suspended particles, and dissolved organic matter, and handling sludge for disposal. Here are the different steps:
People used to think that if you threw a little sewage into a flowing river, it would naturally clean itself. But when towns get big and produce a lot of sewage, just letting it flow does not work. So, we started building sewage treatment plants in the late 1800s and early 1900s, mainly in the UK and the US. Instead of dumping sewage directly into the water, we began using processes like physical, biological, and chemical methods to take out the bad stuff.
In the 1900s, we also changed how we collect sewage, keeping stormwater separate from household wastewater. This way, treatment plants would not get overwhelmed during rainy times. As people became more worried about the environment around the 1950s, rules got stricter, and we needed better treatment. Industries had to treat their wastewater too, so harmful chemicals would not mess up the treatment plants.
By the middle of the 1900s, technology improved, and we could almost completely clean sewage. But it was so expensive that we did not always do it. Treatment plants got big and used a lot of energy. When oil prices went up in the 1970s, we started caring more about saving energy. So, we started looking into other ways to get rid of sewage, like putting it in the ground. These simpler methods might save energy, and they could even recycle nutrients and refill groundwater.
Conclusion
Water is considered polluted when it has too many impurities, which makes it unsuitable for specific purposes like drinking, swimming, or fishing. Wastewater treatment is the process of removing these impurities from sewage before it gets into natural water sources like rivers, lakes, and oceans. The extent of treatment needed depends on local environmental factors and government standards.